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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Suspected Cardiac Thrombus: Conventional and Emerging Techniques
Published on: June 11, 2019
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Cardiothoracic Magnetic Resonance Angiography.
Murat Kocaoglu1, Amol Pednekar1, Robert J Fleck1
1Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC1 5031, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology
|October 27, 2023
Summary
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) offers advanced noninvasive vessel imaging. Both contrast-enhanced and non-contrast techniques provide accurate visualization of cardiac and coronary arteries, aiding cardiovascular disorder diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Imaging
- Medical Imaging Techniques
- Radiology
Background:
- Catheter-based angiography is the invasive gold standard for vessel imaging, often used during interventions.
- Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) can suffer from motion artifacts without synchronization.
- Ferumoxytol is a notable contrast agent for MRA, especially in patients with renal failure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review conventional and novel contrast-enhanced and non-contrast MRA techniques.
- To highlight the safety and accuracy of non-contrast 3D MRA for visualizing great vessels and coronary arteries.
- To discuss applications in various cardiovascular disorders, including complex congenital heart diseases.
Main Methods:
- Review of contrast-enhanced MRA (gadolinium-based, ferumoxytol-enhanced).
- Review of non-contrast MRA techniques (ECG gating, respiratory navigation, time-of-flight, phase contrast, black-blood).
- Inclusion of 3D MRA and time-resolved 3D (4D) MRA techniques.
Main Results:
- Non-contrast 3D MRA with ECG gating and respiratory navigation is safe and accurate for visualizing great vessels and coronary arteries.
- Various non-contrast flow-dependent MRA techniques (TOF, PC, black-blood) can be used as primary or complementary methods.
- Ferumoxytol-enhanced MRA is a popular option for patients with chronic renal failure.
Conclusions:
- Non-contrast MRA techniques offer safe and accurate noninvasive imaging of the heart's great vessels and coronary arteries.
- Advanced MRA techniques, including ferumoxytol-enhanced and novel non-contrast methods, expand diagnostic capabilities for cardiovascular disorders.
- MRA provides a versatile, noninvasive alternative to conventional angiography for comprehensive cardiovascular assessment.
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