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Related Concept Videos

Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

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Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
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Introduction to Joints00:58

Introduction to Joints

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The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no...
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A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
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Anthropomorphic Characterization of Ankle Joint.

Dinesh Gundapaneni1, James T Tsatalis2, Richard T Laughlin3

  • 1Department of Biomedical, Industrial and Human Factors Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 28, 2023
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Summary

Ankle joint morphology varies significantly between males and females, impacting total ankle replacement device design. Current implants fit only a limited population, necessitating improved, personalized designs based on anatomical data.

Keywords:
3D modelinganklemorphologyregressionreplacement

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Total ankle replacement (TAR) is an alternative to arthrodesis, but long-term results are often unsatisfactory.
  • Successful TAR requires precise ankle joint implant design, necessitating detailed anatomical knowledge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess ankle joint morphology in relation to gender and age.
  • To provide data for improving total ankle replacement device design.

Main Methods:

  • Collected imaging data from 22 subjects (male/female, three age groups).
  • Performed 40 morphological measurements on the tibia and talus in sagittal and coronal planes.
  • Conducted statistical analyses to compare gender, age groups, and imaging techniques.

Main Results:

  • Significant gender-based differences (p<0.05) were found in 13 critical ankle parameters (e.g., TiAL, TaW, TTL).
  • Young adults differed significantly (p<0.05) from adults in 15 parameters (e.g., TiAL, TiW, TaAL).
  • Positive correlations (r>0.70) observed between tibial and talar width, and sagittal radius values.

Conclusions:

  • Current total ankle replacement device sizes are inadequate for a large portion of the population studied.
  • Understanding gender and age effects on ankle morphology is crucial for designing better, personalized ankle implants.