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Related Concept Videos

Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

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Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
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Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
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The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation01:19

The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation

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A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential....
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Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

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Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several...
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Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that...
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Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

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Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
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Evidence for Potentiation of M-Type Potassium Current by Flavonoid Corylin (3-(2,2-Dimethylchromen-6-yl)-7-hydroxychromen-4-one).

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Modulation of <i>I</i><sub>Na</sub>, <i>I</i><sub>h</sub>, and <i>I</i><sub>K(erg)</sub> by Extracellular or Intracellular QX-314 (<i>N</i>-(2,6-dimethylphenylcarbamoylmethyl) triethylammonium bromide) in Pituitary Tumor Cells.

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Study of the Functions and Activities of Neuronal K-Cl Co-Transporter KCC2 Using Western Blotting
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Study of the Functions and Activities of Neuronal K-Cl Co-Transporter KCC2 Using Western Blotting

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Cannabidiol Modulates M-Type K+ and Hyperpolarization-Activated Cation Currents.

Yen-Chin Liu1,2,3, Edmund Cheung So4, Sheng-Nan Wu5,6,7

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan.

Biomedicines
|October 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Cannabidiol (CBD) affects key ion channels in pituitary cells, decreasing M-type potassium and hyperpolarization-activated cation currents. These CBD effects on ionic currents are independent of cannabinoid or opioid receptors.

Keywords:
M-type K+ currentcannabidiol (CBD)erg-mediated K+ currenthyperpolarization-activated cation currentpituitary cellvoltage-gated Na+ current

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cannabidiol (CBD), a cannabis-derived compound, shows therapeutic potential.
  • CBD's precise mechanisms, particularly on cellular ion transport, require further elucidation.
  • Ionic currents are crucial for excitable cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of Cannabidiol (CBD) on various ionic currents in pituitary GH3 cells.
  • To determine the concentration-dependence and receptor involvement of CBD's actions on ion channels.
  • To understand how CBD influences the electrophysiological properties of excitable cells.

Main Methods:

  • Electrophysiological recordings (patch-clamp) were used to measure ionic currents.
  • Concentration-response relationships were established for CBD's effects.
  • Specific pharmacological agents (naloxone, oxaliplatin) were employed to probe receptor pathways.

Main Results:

  • CBD significantly decreased M-type K+ currents (I_K(M)) and hyperpolarization-activated cation currents (I_h) in a concentration-dependent manner.
  • CBD altered the voltage-dependence of I_K(M) and I_h activation curves.
  • CBD's effects on I_K(M) were not reversed by naloxone, and I_h block was reversed by oxaliplatin, suggesting non-cannabinoid/opioid receptor mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Cannabidiol modulates critical ionic currents (I_K(M), I_h) in pituitary cells.
  • These modulatory effects appear independent of cannabinoid or opioid receptors.
  • CBD's impact on ionic currents may influence the function of various excitable cells.