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Published on: November 28, 2015
Peritumoral Edema in Gliomas: A Review of Mechanisms and Management
Kazufumi Ohmura1,2, Hiroyuki Tomita1,3, Akira Hara1
1Department of Tumor Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
Abstract:
Treating malignant glioma is challenging owing to its highly invasive potential in healthy brain tissue and the formation of intense surrounding edema. Peritumoral edema in gliomas can lead to severe symptoms including neurological dysfunction and brain herniation. For the past 50 years, the standard treatment for peritumoral edema has been steroid therapy. However, the discovery of cerebral lymphatic vessels a decade ago prompted a re-evaluation of the mechanisms involved in brain fluid regulation and the formation of cerebral edema. This review aimed to describe the clinical features of peritumoral edema in gliomas. The mechanisms currently known to cause glioma-related edema are summarized, the limitations in current cerebral edema therapies are discussed, and the prospects for future cerebral edema therapies are presented. Further research concerning edema surrounding gliomas is needed to enhance patient prognosis and improve treatment efficacy.
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