Trends of Coagulation Parameters in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients

Background and Objectives: HIV disease is recognized to cause inconsistencies in coagulation via various pathways during infection. Some studies have indicated that HIV-infected patients are prone to developing thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, or autoantibodies that may cause difficulties in diagnosis. This study is intended to measure the trend of coagulation parameters in Sudanese patients with HIV. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with HIV admitted to the Sudan National AIDS Program (SNAP) from January 2018 to December 2019. Prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), thrombin time (TT), D-dimer (DD), hemoglobin (HB), total lymphocyte count (TLC), platelet count (PLT), and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13), were evaluated among HIV Sudanese patients. Results: Out of the 44 HIV patients included, 6 (13.6%) were found to have thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-like events and 12 (27.2%) had antiphospholipid antibodies, of whom 8 (66.6%) showed anticardiolipin antibody (1gG (75%) and IgM (25%)) and 4 showed lupus anticoagulants. The HB, TLC, and PLT values were found to be significantly lower in HIV patients than in control (p = 0.000, 0.000, and 0.050, respectively). The PT and ADAMTS13 values showed no significant difference between HIV patients and control (p = 0.613 and 0.266, respectively). The PTT, TT, and DD values were found to be augmented in HIV patients versus the control (p = 0.000). Conclusions: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-like events among HIV Sudanese patients were explored. In addition, antiphospholipid antibodies were strikingly seen in these patients. Additional research is anticipated to confirm these diagnoses.