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Valorization of Prunus Seed Oils: Fatty Acids Composition and Oxidative Stability
Sandra Rodríguez-Blázquez1,2, Esther Gómez-Mejía1, Noelia Rosales-Conrado1
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Complutense Avenue, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Peach, apricot, plum, and cherry seed oils are rich in healthy fatty acids and possess antioxidant properties. These findings highlight their potential use in the cosmetic and nutraceutical industries.
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Nutritional Biochemistry
- Agricultural Waste Valorization
Background:
- Agri-food waste from *Prunus* fruit processing, such as seeds, is abundant globally.
- Valorization of this by-product can lead to sustainable resource utilization and novel product development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a nutritional analysis of peach, apricot, plum, and cherry seeds.
- To extract and characterize the lipid profile, antioxidant activity, and oxidative stability of seed oils.
- To evaluate the potential applications of these seed oils in the cosmetic and nutraceutical sectors.
Main Methods:
- Official AOAC methods for nutritional analysis.
- Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID) for lipid profiling.
- 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay for antioxidant activity.
- Measurement of oxidative stability over storage time.
- Chemometric tools for data evaluation.
Main Results:
- Seed oils constituted 30-38% of the seeds by weight.
- Oils were rich in oleic (C18:1n9c) and linoleic (C18:2n6c) acids, exhibiting heart-healthy lipid profiles.
- Antioxidant activity (IC50 = 20-35 mg·mL⁻¹) and high oxidative stability were observed.
- Plum seed oil demonstrated the highest antioxidant capacity and stability.
- Oxidative stability correlated positively with oleic acid and negatively with linoleic acid content.
Conclusions:
- *Prunus* seed oils possess significant nutritional value and beneficial health properties.
- The high content of unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant activity supports their potential use.
- These seed oils are promising candidates for applications in the cosmetic and nutraceutical industries, contributing to waste valorization.
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