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Potential Benefits of Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Type 2 Diabetes

Arman Arabshomali1, Shadi Bazzazzadehgan1, Fakhri Mahdi2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study explores how antioxidants, particularly polyphenols, may combat inflammation and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). They show promise as an adjuvant therapy for treatment-resistant diabetes and related complications.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • The link between diabetes and inflammation is well-established, with oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation implicated in chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  • Hyperglycemia, inflammation, and reactive oxygen species are interconnected, contributing to diabetes development and progression.
  • The hyperglycemia-inflammation-oxidative stress axis impacts vascular, kidney, liver, and pancreatic health, presenting a therapeutic target.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review preclinical, in vivo, and clinical research on antioxidants for preventing or treating inflammation in T2DM.
  • To analyze the efficacy of antioxidants as adjuvant therapy for treatment-resistant diabetes.
  • To propose future research directions for antioxidant-based diabetes clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature.
  • Analysis of preclinical, in vivo, and clinical studies.
  • Synthesis of findings on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols.

Main Results:

  • Antioxidants, especially polyphenols, demonstrate potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.
  • These agents may serve as beneficial adjuvant therapies, particularly in cases of treatment-resistant diabetes.
  • Evidence suggests a role for antioxidants in mitigating T2DM-associated complications.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction of hyperglycemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress is a key factor in T2DM complications.
  • Antioxidants, particularly polyphenols, hold therapeutic promise for T2DM management and prevention of associated diseases.
  • Further clinical trials are warranted to fully elucidate the role of antioxidants in T2DM treatment.
Keywords:
antioxidant responsediabetesinflammationmetabolic syndromeoxidative stressreactive oxygen and nitrogen speciesredox state

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