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Alternative Splicing Variation: Accessing and Exploiting in Crop Improvement Programs.

Sangam L Dwivedi¹, Luis Felipe Quiroz², Anireddy S N Reddy³

¹Independent Researcher, Hyderabad 500016, India.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|October 28, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Alternative splicing (AS) generates diverse messenger RNAs (mRNAs) from single genes, impacting plant traits. Understanding AS variation is key to improving crop resilience and productivity.

Keywords:

alternative splicing biological rhythms domestication and polyploidization gene mining heterosis nutrient homeostasis plant phenology and architecture symbiosis transcriptome and proteome diversity

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Area of Science:

Plant molecular biology
Genomics
Bioinformatics

Background:

Alternative splicing (AS) is a fundamental gene regulatory mechanism present in eukaryotes, including plants.
AS generates multiple messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts from a single precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA), increasing transcriptome and proteome diversity.
This process plays a crucial role in regulating various aspects of plant growth, development, reproduction, and stress responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the significance of alternative splicing (AS) variation in plants.
To explore how AS contributes to phenotypic diversity and agronomically beneficial traits.
To highlight the potential of AS for crop improvement in breeding programs.

Main Methods:

Leveraging advances in next-generation sequencing and omics technologies.
Utilizing bioinformatics tools and computational methods for AS quantification and visualization.
Analyzing gene expression alongside AS variation.

Main Results:

AS is prevalent in plants and generates substantial transcriptomic and proteomic diversity.
AS variants are associated with quantitative trait variation in growth, development, reproduction, and stress tolerance.
Domestication, polyploidization, and environmental changes can drive the evolution of novel AS variants linked to desirable traits.
AS contributes to complex phenomena like heterosis and plant symbiosis.

Conclusions:

Cataloguing and exploiting AS variation offers a promising avenue for enhancing staple food crops.
AS variation can be leveraged to improve climate resilience, resource-use efficiency, productivity, and nutritional quality.
Understanding AS provides a mechanistic link between core clock genes and environmental cues, crucial for adaptive breeding.