Prognostic Factors and Markers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Recent Progress and Future Challenges.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Biology
• Genetics

Background:

• Lung cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remains a significant challenge due to tumor progression and recurrence post-treatment.
• Current therapeutic strategies for NSCLC face limitations in predicting patient response and optimizing combination treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the molecular genetics of lung cancer, focusing on NSCLC.
• To identify predictive factors for response to monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).
• To explore optimal combination strategies and novel therapeutic approaches for NSCLC management.

Main Methods:

• An integrative literature review was conducted using databases like PUBMED, NCBI-PMC, and Google Academic.
• Analysis focused on molecular targets, resistance mechanisms, and emerging therapies in NSCLC.

Main Results:

• Examined NSCLC molecular genetics and categorized inhibitors by molecular targets.
• Delineated treatment alternatives based on acquired resistance patterns.
• Highlighted epigenetic therapies and single-cell approaches as sources for new biomarkers.

Conclusions:

• Effective NSCLC management requires accurate genotyping for prognostic markers.
• Precision medicine, enabling tailored drug combinations and precise targeting, is crucial for future treatment advancements.
• Identifying biomarkers through novel approaches like single-cell analysis will refine treatment selection.