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Does faster weight trajectory lead to improved neurodevelopmental outcomes in ELBW infants with bronchopulmonary

Fernando A Munoz1, Emily Hawkins Carter2, Erika M Edwards3,4,5

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. munozf@ohsu.edu.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|October 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Faster infant weight gain is linked to better neurodevelopment in some premature infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD), but worse outcomes in others with severe BPD.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Pediatric Pulmonology

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease affecting premature infants.
  • Neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with BPD are a significant concern.
  • Weight trajectory is a critical factor in infant health and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between weight trajectory and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years corrected age in extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants with BPD.
  • To determine if BPD severity modifies this relationship.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of a cohort of 5042 ELBW infants born between 2010 and 2019.
  • BPD severity was categorized (grades 0, 1-2, 3).
  • Neurodevelopmental impairment was defined as any Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID) III score below 70 at 24 months corrected age. Repeated measures logistic regression was used.

Main Results:

  • Faster weight trajectory was associated with a lower likelihood of neurodevelopmental impairment in infants with grade 1-2 BPD (p < 0.0001).
  • Conversely, faster weight trajectory was linked to a higher likelihood of neurodevelopmental impairment in infants with grade 3 BPD (p < 0.009).
  • No significant association was found for infants with grade 0 BPD.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between postnatal weight trajectory and neurodevelopmental outcomes in ELBW infants with BPD is dependent on BPD severity.
  • This highlights the nuanced impact of growth on long-term development in this vulnerable population.
Abstract

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