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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Older adults' cognitive decline is linked to age and personality traits, specifically the openness to experience. Understanding these factors can help predict and potentially mitigate cognitive changes over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Certain psychological and personality traits influence health behaviors and may prevent cognitive decline.
  • Understanding these traits is crucial for preventing the progression of cognitive changes to dementia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify individuals with altered cognitive ratings after 24 months.
  • To correlate cognitive changes with specific personality traits in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • 102 volunteers underwent clinical evaluation, personality assessment, and neuropsychological testing.
  • Participants were categorized as cognitively normal (CN), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI), or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (amMCI).
  • Cognitive status was reassessed every 6 months over a 2-year follow-up period.

Main Results:

  • Of 102 subjects, 65 completed the 2-year follow-up. The sample was predominantly female (65%), white (74%), with a mean age of 78 years.
  • Cognitive worsening occurred in 23% of CN, 15% of SCD, and 27% of naMCI groups. Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (amMCI) participants remained stable or improved.
  • Older age correlated with significant cognitive deterioration. Both very low and very high levels of the openness personality trait were associated with cognitive decline.

Conclusions:

  • Age and the intensity of openness personality traits are key factors associated with cognitive change in older adults.
  • These findings highlight the interplay between personality, aging, and cognitive health, suggesting potential targets for intervention.