Multiplex imaging in immuno-oncology

Multiplex imaging has emerged as an invaluable tool for immune-oncologists and translational researchers, enabling them to examine intricate interactions among immune cells, stroma, matrix, and malignant cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). It holds significant promise in the quest to discover improved biomarkers for treatment stratification and identify novel therapeutic targets. Nonetheless, several challenges exist in the realms of study design, experiment optimization, and data analysis. In this review, our aim is to present an overview of the utilization of multiplex imaging in immuno-oncology studies and inform novice researchers about the fundamental principles at each stage of the imaging and analysis process.