[Pathologico-anatomic diagnosis of placental insufficiency in various forms of maternal pathology]

Placental insufficiency is considered as a disorder of compensatory-adaptative reactions on subcellular, cellular and tissue levels. In cases of relative insufficiency diagnosed on subcellular and cellular levels, homeostasis of the mother-placenta-fetus system is maintained by the tissue reactions, mainly hemodynamic ones. Among morphological features of compensatory mechanisms the most informative is the index of chorionic villi vascularization. Rapid decrease of the index indicates the development of the absolute placental insufficiency. Among the factors which limit compensatory-adaptative reactions it is necessary to distinguish, besides involutional-dystrophic, circulatory, inflammatory processes, a disorder in the chorion maturation which proceeds in different versions depending on the character and duration of the maternal pathology influence.