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Development of oral oncolytic nonadherence estimator (ORACLE): A pretreatment nonadherence risk assessment for oral
Jessie Signorelli1, Thuy Tran2, Marie E Sirek3
1Pharmacy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Introduction:
To date, there is no adherence estimator to identify risk of nonadherence prior to initiating oral oncolytics.
Methods:
A workgroup was assembled through the National Community Oncology Dispensing Association and tasked with creating a tool to meet this need. Tool constructs were defined after a review of the literature identifying top barriers to adherence. A second literature search was conducted to identify questions targeting specific barriers from validated adherence questionnaires. Once a finalized draft was complete, the risk assessment tool was built into an electronic survey where a risk category can be automatically calculated for the patient.
Results:
The six most impactful factors affecting compliance to oral oncolytics were identified as patient's confidence, health literacy, perception of treatment, quality of life, social support, and complexity of chemotherapy regimen. A six-item questionnaire was created with five patient-directed questions and one clinician-directed question. Examples and descriptions were provided for clinicians to consider when categorizing complexity of a regimen. The tool was designed for responses to each question to be indexed into categories through a 10-point system. Results will be stratified into low, moderate, or high risk for nonadherence.
Conclusion:
The creation of a tool to predict nonadherence prior to starting therapy is an unmet need for patients initiating oral oncolytics. The aim of this tool is to meet those needs and better guide clinicians to provide patients with strategies to better manage nonadherence. Next steps include tool validation and piloting in clinical practice.
Insights
A new tool estimates the risk of nonadherence to oral oncolytics before treatment begins. This helps clinicians proactively support patients on chemotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Patient Adherence Research
- Health Services Research
Background:
- No existing tool estimates nonadherence risk for oral oncolytics.
- Oral oncolytics require proactive adherence management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- Develop and describe a novel risk assessment tool for oral oncolytic nonadherence.
- Identify key factors influencing patient adherence to oral cancer therapies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review to identify adherence barriers and relevant questionnaire items.
- Workgroup assembled by the National Community Oncology Dispensing Association.
- Electronic survey tool developed for automated risk categorization.
Main Results:
- Six key factors identified: patient confidence, health literacy, treatment perception, quality of life, social support, and regimen complexity.
- A six-item questionnaire (five patient, one clinician) was created.
- Responses are indexed on a 10-point system, stratifying risk into low, moderate, or high.
Conclusions:
- A validated tool to predict nonadherence before initiating oral oncolytic therapy is needed.
- This tool aims to guide clinicians in implementing adherence management strategies.
- Future steps include clinical validation and piloting.
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