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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators

Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators

Published on: April 25, 2020

Air-Working Electrochromic Artificial Muscles.

Yong Ling¹, Linpeng Li², Junhao Liu¹

¹State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|October 30, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New artificial muscles (EAMs) work in air, change color, and actuate. These vanadium pentoxide nanowire and carbon tube yarn devices offer stable operation and versatile applications in robotics.

Keywords:

dual-responses electrochromic artificial muscles hot casting multicolor changes wet twisting

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Robotics Engineering
Nanotechnology

Background:

Artificial muscles are crucial for advanced robotics, aiming to replicate biological movement and energy output.
Existing electrochemical ion-injection muscles face limitations in single actuation and air stability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop air-working electrochromic artificial muscles (EAMs) with combined color-changing and actuation capabilities.
To address the limitations of current artificial muscle technologies.

Main Methods:

Construction of EAMs using vanadium pentoxide nanowires and carbon tube yarn.
Testing actuation performance (contractile stroke) and color changes under varying voltages (±4 V).
Evaluation of stability in air and reflectance contrast.

Main Results:

EAMs demonstrated a stable contractile stroke of approximately 12% in air.
Multiple color changes (yellow-green-gray) were observed during actuation.
High reflectance contrast (51%) and fast response with high resilience were achieved in a toroidal arrangement.

Conclusions:

The developed EAMs offer a versatile solution for artificial muscles, functioning stably in air with visual feedback.
These EAMs provide novel concepts for future soft robots and artificial limb applications.