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Maxillofacial Traumatic Fractures in a Saudi Pediatric Subpopulation: A 10-Year Retrospective Study
Abdulazez A Aleid1,2, May W Al-Khudhairy1, Haitham Bin Turaiky3
1Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, SAU.
Insights
Road traffic accidents are the leading cause of maxillofacial fractures in children. Lower facial fractures, especially condyle fractures, are most common, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Traumatology
- Maxillofacial Surgery
- Public Health
Background:
- Maxillofacial fractures in children are a significant concern.
- Understanding injury patterns and causes is crucial for prevention and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the patterns and etiology of maxillofacial fractures in hospitalized pediatric patients.
- To identify demographic and injury-related factors associated with these fractures.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of pediatric trauma cases from 2010-2020.
- Data collected from King Saud Medical City, Riyadh.
- Variables analyzed included age, gender, trauma etiology, and fracture type.
Main Results:
- 167 pediatric patients with 257 maxillofacial fractures were analyzed.
- The mean age was 11.79 years; 70.7% were male.
- Lower facial third fractures (67.3%) and condyle fractures (19.8%) were most prevalent.
Conclusions:
- Road traffic accidents (RTAs) were the primary cause (73%), linked to all polytrauma cases.
- Falls accounted for 16.8% of injuries.
- Findings emphasize the need for RTA prevention in pediatric populations to reduce maxillofacial injuries.
Aim:
The primary objective of this study was to analyze the patterns and etiology of maxillofacial fractures among hospitalized pediatric patients.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on pediatric trauma cases admitted to King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020. Data extracted from medical records was utilized to identify and establish correlations with various variables, including age, gender, trauma etiology, and the type of sustained fracture.
Results:
The study involved a total of 167 patients. The mean age of the patients was 11.79 years, with the youngest and oldest patients being 2 and 17 years old, respectively. The majority of participants (70.7%, n = 118) were male. A total of 257 fractures were identified, with the highest number (n = 173, 67.3%) occurring in the lower third of the face.
Conclusion:
Road traffic accidents (RTAs) emerged as the primary cause of trauma in our study, accounting for 73% (n = 122) of cases, followed by falls at 16.8% (n = 28). All instances of polytrauma were linked to RTAs. Fractures in the lower third of the face constituted over two-thirds (67.3%, n = 173) of the total fractures observed. Among the fractures, condyle fractures were the most frequently observed (19.8%, n = 51) in our study.
