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Stepwise Proportional Weighting Algorithm for Single-Race Population Estimation Using Hawai'i Census Data.

Masako Matsunaga1, Kyle M Ishikawa1, Chathura Siriwardhana1

  • 1Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI.

Hawai'I Journal of Health & Social Welfare
|October 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Estimating single-race populations from US Census data is challenging due to multiracial classifications. The Stepwise Proportional Weighting Algorithm (SPWA) offers a solution for health disparities research, particularly in Hawai'i.

Keywords:
CensusesHawaiiNative HawaiiansPublic Healthalgorithmpopulation estimatesracial group

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Area of Science:

  • Demography
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Health disparities research relies on accurate population prevalence data for various race groups.
  • US Census data presents challenges in estimating single-race populations due to multiracial reporting categories.
  • Classifying multiracial individuals is crucial, especially in diverse populations like Hawai'i.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and describe a novel algorithm for estimating single-race population sizes using US Census data.
  • To address the complexities of classifying multiracial individuals in population studies.
  • To specifically adapt the methodology for the unique racial demographics of Hawai'i, including partial Native Hawaiian categorization.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the Stepwise Proportional Weighting Algorithm (SPWA) for single-race population estimation.
  • Applied the algorithm to US Census data for major race groups and their nested detailed races.
  • Incorporated adjustments for the specific "partial Native Hawaiian" classification prevalent in Hawai'i.

Main Results:

  • The SPWA successfully estimates single-race populations for major race groups.
  • Demonstrated the algorithm's ability to provide accurate single-race estimates for the 5 most common race groups in Hawai'i.
  • The methodology provides a robust approach to classifying multiracial individuals.

Conclusions:

  • The Stepwise Proportional Weighting Algorithm (SPWA) enhances the accuracy of single-race population estimates from US Census data.
  • This methodology is vital for strengthening health and health disparities research, particularly in demographically complex regions like Hawai'i.
  • Accurate racial classification of multiracial individuals is essential for valid public health research.