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Related Concept Videos

Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

675
The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
675
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

685
A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
685
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

624
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
624
Patterns of Fever01:26

Patterns of Fever

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Before understanding the types and patterns of fever, it is essential to know its phases.
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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

320
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
320
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

1.7K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
1.7K

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Approach to the Febrile Infant (<3 Months).

Mari M Grief1, Loren G Yamamoto2

  • 1From the Resident in Pediatrics.

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|October 30, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines offer evidence-based approaches for febrile infants. These guidelines aim to reduce variability in managing fever in infants aged 8 to 60 days.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Fever evaluation in infants is historically variable.
  • The American Academy of Pediatrics released updated guidelines in August 2021.
  • Guidelines address previously healthy, term infants (≥37 weeks gestation) with fever (≥100.4°F or 38°C).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide evidence-based clinical guidelines for febrile infants.
  • To decrease variability in the management of febrile infants.
  • To improve outcomes for febrile infants.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on management and treatment guidelines for three age groups: 8-21 days, 22-28 days, and 29-60 days.
  • Incorporates shared decision-making with families.
  • Highlights changes in practice for infants aged 22-28 days and 29-60 days.

Main Results:

  • Significant changes in management for infants aged 22-28 days and 29-60 days.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid studies may be avoided if initial laboratory work is reassuring.
  • Options for monitoring include home or hospital-based care.

Conclusions:

  • Updated guidelines aim to standardize febrile infant care.
  • Shared decision-making is encouraged for management plans.
  • The guidelines promote a more nuanced approach to diagnostic testing and monitoring.