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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Cell Population Analyses During Skin Carcinogenesis
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The Importance of Basal Cell Carcinoma Risk Stratification and Potential Future Pathways.

Sharad Paul1,2, Allanah Knight2

  • 1Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.

JMIR Dermatology
|October 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Accurate risk assessment for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) using immunohistochemical and angiogenic markers can optimize patient treatment. This approach helps identify high-risk BCC, ensuring surgery is reserved for necessary cases, improving efficiency.

Keywords:
BCCangiogenicangiogenic agentsangiogenic markerbasal cell carcinomacancercarcinomadermatologyhistologyimmunohistochemistrymanagementmarkersrisk assessmentskinskin cancersurgerytumour markers

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent human cancer.
  • Current treatments, primarily surgery, incur high costs.
  • There is a need for precise risk assessment to guide patient-centered BCC management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing BCC management guidelines.
  • To identify potential indicators of high-risk BCC.
  • To propose treatment optimization pathways based on risk stratification.

Main Methods:

  • Expert clinical perspective on BCC treatment challenges.
  • Review of immunohistochemical and angiogenic markers for high-risk BCC.
  • Analysis of risk stratification strategies for BCC.

Main Results:

  • Interleukin-6, vascular endothelial growth factor, and mast cell expression correlate with BCC aggressiveness.
  • Cyclin D1 is elevated in aggressive BCC, while Bcl-2 is decreased.
  • These markers aid in distinguishing aggressive from non-aggressive BCC variants.

Conclusions:

  • Immunohistochemical and angiogenic markers are valuable for BCC risk assessment and stratification.
  • Optimizing treatment through risk stratification can reduce unnecessary surgical interventions.
  • This approach enhances the efficiency of BCC management.