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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

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Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

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Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

22
Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION AS PRESENTATION OF BARTONELLA ENDOCARDITIS.

Apoorv P Chebolu1, Josh O Wallsh, Naomi Falk

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Lions Eye Institute, Albany, New York.

Retinal Cases & Brief Reports
|October 30, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of central retinal artery occlusion in a 66-year-old man was diagnosed via a comprehensive eye exam, revealing Bartonella henselae endocarditis. This highlights how eye exams can lead to life-saving systemic diagnoses.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • A 66-year-old male presented with sudden vision loss in his left eye.
  • Ocular examination revealed a central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO).

Observation:

  • Systemic investigation identified mitral valve vegetation and positive blood cultures for Bartonella henselae.
  • Kidney biopsy confirmed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, indicative of septic emboli.
  • Absence of ocular inflammatory signs supported a thromboembolic cause for the CRAO.

Findings:

  • Optical coherence tomography showed inner retinal hyperreflectivity.
  • Fluorescein angiography revealed segmented arterial flow without neovascularization.
  • The patient completed antibiotic therapy for bartonella endocarditis, with stable vision (light perception).

Implications:

  • A thorough ocular examination can lead to the prompt diagnosis of potentially fatal systemic illnesses.
  • Multidisciplinary collaboration is crucial for diagnosing and managing complex cases involving systemic and ocular manifestations.
  • Early detection through ophthalmologic evaluation can facilitate life-saving interventions for systemic infections.