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Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Using Lipid Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Chemically Modified mRNA into Mammalian Cells

Using Lipid Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Chemically Modified mRNA into Mammalian Cells

Published on: June 10, 2022

A modular approach to enhancing cell membrane-coated nanoparticle functionality using genetic engineering.

Nishta Krishnan¹, Yao Jiang¹, Jiarong Zhou¹

¹Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Nature Nanotechnology

|October 31, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a genetic engineering method to create advanced cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CNPs). These functionalized CNPs show improved targeting and therapeutic effects in cancer models.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Nanotechnology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CNPs) are versatile biomedical tools.
Enhancing CNP functionality is crucial for advanced applications.
Existing methods for CNP functionalization can be limiting.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a modular genetic engineering approach for functionalizing CNPs.
To demonstrate the broad applicability of this technique using diverse targeting ligands.
To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of the engineered CNPs.

Main Methods:

Engineered cell membranes to express SpyCatcher for covalent ligand attachment via SpyTag.
Created three distinct CNP formulations using designed ankyrin repeat proteins, affibodies, and single-chain variable fragments.
Tested nanoparticle affinity in vitro and therapeutic efficacy in a murine ovarian cancer xenograft model with a chemotherapeutic payload.

Main Results:

Modified CNPs demonstrated enhanced binding to target cells overexpressing cognate receptors.
Formulated CNPs effectively targeted tumors and suppressed growth in vivo.
The genetic engineering approach proved feasible for creating multifunctional CNPs.

Conclusions:

Genetic engineering provides a powerful and flexible platform for developing advanced, multifunctional CNPs.
This modular strategy accelerates the creation of targeted nanoparticles for diverse biomedical applications.
The engineered CNPs show significant potential for cancer therapy and other therapeutic interventions.