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Neutrophil Isolation and Analysis to Determine their Role in Lymphoma Cell Sensitivity to Therapeutic Agents

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Durvalumab-induced Pure White Cell Aplasia.

Ji Lin¹, Paola Rodriguez-Martinez¹, Thein Hlaing Oo²

¹Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX.

Journal of Immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997)

|October 31, 2023

Summary

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can cause rare side effects like pure white cell aplasia. This case report shows successful treatment using filgrastim, prednisone, and cyclosporine for this ICI-induced condition.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Hematology

Background:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are vital cancer therapies.
ICIs can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including hematologic toxicities.
Rare irAEs necessitate further clinical investigation and guideline development.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a rare case of ICI-induced pure white cell aplasia.
To describe the successful treatment of this condition.
To provide clinical guidance and insights into ICI-related hematologic toxicities.

Main Methods:

Case report of a patient treated with durvalumab.
Documentation of the development of pure white cell aplasia.
Administration of filgrastim, prednisone, and cyclosporine for treatment.

Main Results:

The patient developed pure white cell aplasia secondary to durvalumab.
Treatment with filgrastim, prednisone, and cyclosporine led to a positive response.
ICI-neutropenia represents a significant subset of hematologic irAEs.

Conclusions:

Pure white cell aplasia is a rare but serious irAE of ICI therapy.
Prompt diagnosis and immunosuppressive treatment can be effective.
Further research is needed to understand and manage rare ICI-induced hematologic toxicities.