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[Characteristics of the left heart structure and function in 86 term neonates with intrauterine growth restriction]

Mo-Qi Li1, Ying-Xue Ding1, Hong Cui1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
|October 31, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Neonates with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) show altered left heart structure, including a thicker ventricular septum, but preserved systolic function. Diastolic function may be impaired in these infants.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Echocardiography

Context:

  • Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects fetal development, potentially impacting cardiovascular health in neonates.
  • Assessing left heart structure and function is crucial for understanding the consequences of IUGR.
  • Term neonates with IUGR represent a significant clinical population requiring detailed cardiovascular evaluation.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the specific structural and functional characteristics of the left heart in term neonates diagnosed with IUGR.
  • To compare echocardiographic parameters between neonates with and without IUGR.
  • To identify correlations between cardiac findings and anthropometric measurements like birth weight and body surface area.

Summary:

  • Term neonates with IUGR exhibited significantly reduced left ventricular mass, dimensions, and volumes compared to non-IUGR controls.
  • The IUGR group showed a higher ratio of end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness to left ventricular posterior wall thickness and an increased proportion of neonates with a mitral peak E/A ratio ≥1.
  • While left ventricular systolic function was preserved, diastolic function may be impaired, and ventricular septal thickening was negatively correlated with birth weight and body surface area.

Impact:

  • Findings suggest that IUGR leads to specific left heart structural adaptations, including septal thickening, potentially indicating altered cardiac development.
  • The study highlights potential impairments in left ventricular diastolic function in neonates with IUGR, necessitating further investigation.
  • These results contribute to a better understanding of cardiovascular implications of IUGR and may inform clinical management strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Case-control studyEchocardiographyIntrauterine growth restrictionLeft heart functionLeft heart structureNeonate

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