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Cocoa as immunomodulatory agent: an update.

Maria Atanassova¹, Miquel Martorell², Farukh Sharopov³

¹Scientific Consulting, Chemical Engineering, UCTM, Sofia, Bulgaria.

Natural Product Research

|November 1, 2023

Summary

Cocoa

Keywords:

Immune system anti-inflammatory anti-oxidant immunomodulation natural products

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Area of Science:

Nutrition Science
Immunology

Background:

Cocoa's rich polyphenol content, primarily flavonoids, is linked to health benefits.
These compounds exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties.
Cocoa and chocolate consumption influence immune system regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in understanding cocoa's immunomodulatory effects.
To explore the health benefits associated with cocoa and chocolate intake.
To summarize research from the past two decades.

Main Methods:

Literature review of preclinical studies and human trials.
Analysis of mechanisms of immunomodulation by cocoa polyphenols.
Examination of effects on gut microbiota and intestinal immunity.

Main Results:

Cocoa polyphenols act as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-allergic agents.
Cocoa influences innate and acquired immunity, affecting cytokine production and lymphocyte pathways.
Cocoa intake correlates with changes in gut microbiota composition and intestinal immunity.

Conclusions:

Cocoa possesses significant immunomodulatory properties.
Regular intake of cocoa and chocolate may confer various health benefits.
Further research supports cocoa's role in immune system health and gut ecology.