Local field potential responses associated with perceptual filling-in at blind spot in macaque primary visual cortex

To understand the neural mechanisms of perceptual filling-in at the blind spot (BS), we analyzed neural activity in the region representing the visual field corresponding to the BS (BS region) in the primary visual cortex (V1) of the macaque monkey. We inserted a linear array electrode into the BS region or surrounding region and recorded the multiunit activities (MUAs) and local field potential (LFP). We examined the responses of MUAs and LFP to a large visual stimulus that entirely covered the BS (surface stimuli) while the monkey performed a visual fixation task in either the monocular condition without receiving direct retinal input or the binocular condition receiving retinal information. We observed clear MUA responses in the deep layers within the BS region under monocular conditions, confirming previous reports that V1 neurons in the BS region are activated when perceptual filling-in occurs. Current source density analysis using LFP showed that MUA responses were mainly observed in layer 5. Although LFP responses were generally stronger in the binocular condition than in the monocular condition, a notable exception was observed in the BS region. LFP responses in the low-beta band in the superficial layers were stronger in the monocular condition than in the binocular condition. These results suggest that low-beta activity in the superficial layer is related to the occurrence of perceptual filling-in in the BS. The origin of this activity is considered to be feedback signals from the extrastriate areas to the V1.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Two characteristic activities were induced in the blind spot (BS) region in response to the stimulus, causing perceptual filling-in: 1) beta-band LFP responses in the superficial layers and 2) neuronal responses in the deep layers, mainly in layer 5. These data suggest that the feedback signal from the extrastriate areas to the BS region in V1 is involved in perceptual filling-in.