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Isolation of Streptococcus suis using a selective medium.

S Rosendal, J Breton, J Henrichsen

    Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research = Revue Canadienne De Recherche Veterinaire
    |October 1, 1986
    PubMed
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    A new selective medium enhances Streptococcus suis isolation from pig tonsils. However, significant variability exists in identifying specific Streptococcus suis serotypes, with many isolates remaining untypable.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Microbiology
    • Bacteriology
    • Animal Health

    Background:

    • Streptococcus suis is a significant swine pathogen.
    • Accurate isolation and identification of S. suis are crucial for disease control.
    • Current diagnostic methods may have limitations in sensitivity and specificity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate a novel selective medium for improved isolation of S. suis from porcine tonsillar tissue.
    • To assess the concordance of S. suis capsular serotyping between two different laboratories.
    • To identify limitations in the current serotyping scheme for S. suis.

    Main Methods:

    • A selective culture medium was formulated with tryptic soy agar, bovine blood, crystal violet, nalidixic acid, and gentamicin.
    • Tonsillar samples from slaughtered pigs were cultured on the selective medium.

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  • Isolates were identified as S. suis and subjected to capsular serotyping.
  • Serotyping results were compared between laboratories in Guelph and Copenhagen.

    • Main Results:

    • The selective medium significantly improved the isolation rate of S. suis from tonsillar samples.
    • Ninety-five percent of S. suis isolates were confirmed between laboratories.
    • A notable discrepancy was observed in the confirmation of capsular serotype 2, with only 6 out of 21 isolates matching.
    • A high percentage (64%) of S. suis isolates were not typable using the existing capsular serotyping scheme (serotypes 1-13 and 1/2).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed selective medium is effective for enhancing S. suis isolation from pig tonsils.
    • There are significant challenges in consistent and accurate capsular serotyping of S. suis, particularly for serotype 2.
    • The current capsular serotyping scheme is inadequate for a substantial proportion of S. suis isolates, necessitating further development.