Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Proliferative Phase01:20

Proliferative Phase

497
The proliferative phase typically occurs after menstruation and lasts between 6 to 13 days in a standard 28-day cycle. This phase involves the reconstruction of the endometrium, guided by estrogen produced by the developing ovarian follicle.
Notably, the stratum basale, the basal layer of the endometrium, including the basal parts of the uterine glands, remains unaffected by menstruation. Stem cells in this layer undergo mitosis, regenerating the stratum functionalis and thickening the...
497
The Menstrual Cycle01:19

The Menstrual Cycle

849
The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
The menstrual phase occurs from days 1 to 5 and involves the shedding of the stratum functionalis, as a...
849
Secretory Phase01:19

Secretory Phase

770
The secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, spanning from day 14 to 28 in a typical 28-day cycle, is a period of significant physiological changes in the female reproductive system. This phase commences immediately after ovulation and is characterized by the preparation of the endometrium for potential embryo implantation.
Following ovulation, the corpus luteum, a temporary endocrine structure, produces progesterone and estrogens. These hormones stimulate the growth and coiling of endometrial...
770
Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

1.3K
The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
1.3K
Menses Phase01:18

Menses Phase

283
The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, causing a significant drop in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This hormonal decrease triggers the release of prostaglandins, which cause the uterine...
283
Histology of the Uterus01:19

Histology of the Uterus

1.4K
The uterine wall consists of three histological layers: the perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium. The outermost perimetrium is a thin, serous membrane connected with the broad ligament on the sides, which helps anchor the uterus in the pelvic cavity. The thickest layer, myometrium, is mainly made up of smooth muscle tissue bundles. Its contractions are vital in facilitating the expulsion of the uterine lining, fetus, and placenta during menstruation and childbirth.
The endometrium is the...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ovarian reserve testing: assessing oocyte quantity and quality.

Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics·2026
Same author

Cumulative live birth rates with autologous oocytes plateau with fewer number of cycles for each year of age > 42.

Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E·2023
Same author

Gamete donors: to test, or how much to test? These are the questions.

Fertility and sterility·2023
Same author

Well-being in trainee and faculty physicians.

Medical education online·2021
Same author

The Association Between Race, Obesity, and Sperm Quality Among Men Attending a University Physician Practice in Washington, DC.

American journal of men's health·2020
Same author

Clinical approach to recurrent implantation failure: evidence-based evaluation of the endometrium.

Fertility and sterility·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Generation of Multicellular Human Primary Endometrial Organoids
09:20

Generation of Multicellular Human Primary Endometrial Organoids

Published on: October 4, 2019

11.0K

Progress on the Endometrium.

David Frankfurter1, Harvey Kliman2

  • 1Yale Meidcal School, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale Fertility Center, 200 West Campus Drive, 2nd Floor, Orange, CT 06477, USA.

Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America
|November 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The endometrium, crucial for reproduction, cyclically regenerates. New diagnostic markers for endometrial conditions like infertility and cancer show promise for earlier, less invasive detection.

Keywords:
DecidualizationEndometrial receptivityEndometrial testingEndometriumMicrobiomeWindow of implementation

More Related Videos

Establishing 3D Endometrial Organoids from the Mouse Uterus
06:24

Establishing 3D Endometrial Organoids from the Mouse Uterus

Published on: January 6, 2023

6.3K
Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens
09:15

Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens

Published on: May 23, 2014

22.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Generation of Multicellular Human Primary Endometrial Organoids
09:20

Generation of Multicellular Human Primary Endometrial Organoids

Published on: October 4, 2019

11.0K
Establishing 3D Endometrial Organoids from the Mouse Uterus
06:24

Establishing 3D Endometrial Organoids from the Mouse Uterus

Published on: January 6, 2023

6.3K
Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens
09:15

Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens

Published on: May 23, 2014

22.9K

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Gynecology
  • Cellular biology

Background:

  • The endometrium is a dynamic tissue essential for mammalian reproduction, undergoing cyclic regeneration and shedding.
  • Ovarian steroids regulate endometrial receptivity for blastocyst implantation.
  • Decidualization is a critical process for uterine containment and successful pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnostic challenges in endometrial pathology.
  • To highlight the need for evidence-based endometrial assessment.
  • To explore emerging diagnostic markers for endometrial conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on endometrial biology and pathology.
  • Discussion of diagnostic limitations and emerging technologies.
  • Emphasis on evidence-based assessment of novel diagnostic tools.

Main Results:

  • Endometrial pathology is diverse, requiring multiple diagnostic approaches.
  • No single test can currently identify all endometrial issues.
  • Emerging markers (developmental, inflammatory, bacterial) show potential for improved diagnostics.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate endometrial assessment is critical for managing gynecological conditions.
  • Novel diagnostic markers offer hope for earlier and less invasive diagnosis of endometriosis, cancer, infertility, and implantation failure.
  • Rigorous evidence-based evaluation is necessary before widespread adoption of new diagnostic measures.