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Pneumococcal Pure Polysaccharide Vaccination in Pediatric Patients With Chronic Heart Disease

Micaela Seazzu, Kelsey Mueller, Kellen Day

    Journal of Pediatric Health Care : Official Publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners
    |November 1, 2023
    PubMed

    Insights

    Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine-23 (PPSV23) use was low in children with chronic heart disease (CHD). Many missed vaccination opportunities suggest improved strategies are needed for this high-risk group.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Cardiology
    • Vaccinology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Children with chronic heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk for pneumococcal infections.
    • Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine-23 (PPSV23) is recommended for certain high-risk pediatric populations.
    • Vaccination rates and missed opportunities for PPSV23 in pediatric CHD patients are not well-characterized.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the utilization of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine-23 (PPSV23) in pediatric patients diagnosed with chronic heart disease (CHD).
    • To identify missed opportunities for PPSV23 vaccination in this high-risk cohort.

    Main Methods:

    • A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted.
    • Included patients were aged 2-18 years with a diagnosis of CHD.
    • Data collected included PPSV23 vaccination status, clinic visit frequency, and incidence of pneumonia.

    Main Results:

    • 392 pediatric patients with CHD were included; mean age was 8.8 years.
    • Only 10.2% (40 patients) had documented PPSV23 vaccination.
    • Patients had a median of three clinic visits in 2019, indicating potential missed opportunities.

    Conclusions:

    • PPSV23 vaccination rates are low among pediatric patients with CHD.
    • Numerous missed opportunities for vaccination were documented.
    • The lack of routine inclusion of PPSV23 in pediatric schedules may contribute to low uptake.
    Abstract

    Keywords:
    Child vaccinationPPSV23chronic heart diseasepneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine

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