Real-World Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Medical Science
• Clinical Research

Background:

• Advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) presents a significant clinical challenge, with nearly 30% of cases diagnosed at metastatic stages.
• While immunotherapies (IO) have transformed patient care, real-world data on their effectiveness in aRCC are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate real-world treatment outcomes for advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) patients.
• To compare the efficacy of different first-line treatment strategies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy and various immunotherapy (IO) combinations.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of demographic and clinical data from 498 aRCC patients treated between January 2018 and December 2020.
• Kaplan-Meier method used to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).
• Multivariate Cox regression assessed treatment impact, controlling for IMDC risk, histology, and patient characteristics.

Main Results:

• Immunotherapy (IO) combinations, particularly IO + TKI, demonstrated significantly longer PFS (HR: 0.50) and time to next treatment (TTNT) (HR: 0.54) compared to TKI monotherapy.
• IO + TKI combination showed improved PFS and reduced progression risk versus dual IO therapy (HR: 0.52).
• No statistically significant difference in OS was observed between IO combination and TKI monotherapy (HR: 0.66).

Conclusions:

• First-line IO + TKI combination therapy offers superior progression-free survival and time to next treatment in advanced renal cell carcinoma compared to TKI monotherapy.
• Combination immunotherapy strategies, especially IO + TKI, represent an effective approach for managing advanced renal cell carcinoma in real-world settings.