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Related Concept Videos

Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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RNA Interference01:23

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Predicting Gene Silencing Through the Spatiotemporal Control of siRNA Release from Photo-responsive Polymeric Nanocarriers
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Stimuli-Responsive Nanotechnology for RNA Delivery.

Hui Zhou1,2,3, Dean Shuailin Chen2, Caleb J Hu2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Clinical Trial Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|November 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stimuli-responsive nanotechnologies enhance RNA drug delivery by protecting RNA, improving cellular uptake, and enabling targeted delivery. These advanced nanoparticles offer a promising path for next-generation RNA medicines.

Keywords:
RNA deliverygene silencinggenome editingnanotechnologyprotein expressionstimuli-responsive

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Nanomedicine
  • Molecular Biology and Therapeutics

Background:

  • Ribonucleic acid (RNA) drugs offer therapeutic potential by regulating gene expression and protein synthesis.
  • Successful clinical translation of RNA medicine, including small interfering RNA (siRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) therapies, relies on strategies like chemical modification, ligand conjugation, and nanotechnology.
  • Nanotechnology plays a crucial role in protecting RNA from degradation, enhancing cellular uptake and transport, prolonging circulation, and improving targeting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a focused overview of stimuli-responsive nanotechnologies for RNA delivery.
  • To highlight the unique benefits of these nanotechnologies in promoting RNA bioactivity and cell/organ selectivity.
  • To summarize various stimuli-responsive nanoparticle systems for RNA delivery to facilitate the development of next-generation RNA medicines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of internal stimuli-responsive RNA nanoparticles (NPs) utilizing microenvironmental features like pH, enzymes, hypoxia, and redox.
  • Review of external stimuli-responsive systems employing light, magnetic fields, and ultrasound for controlled RNA release and transportation.
  • Synthesis of information on a wide range of stimuli-responsive NP systems for RNA delivery.

Main Results:

  • Stimuli-responsive nanotechnologies demonstrate unique advantages in enhancing RNA drug efficacy and specificity.
  • Internal stimuli-responsive NPs leverage specific biological cues for targeted delivery and release.
  • External stimuli-responsive systems offer precise control over RNA delivery kinetics and biodistribution.

Conclusions:

  • Stimuli-responsive nanotechnologies are crucial for advancing RNA medicine by improving delivery and targeting.
  • The integration of internal and external stimuli-responsive strategies holds significant potential for developing highly effective and selective RNA therapeutics.
  • This review provides a comprehensive summary of current approaches, paving the way for future innovations in RNA drug delivery.