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Mode of Delivery and Postpartum Depression: A Cohort Study
Pratima Agarwal1, Papa Dasari1, Sonali Sarkar1
1Postpartum Programme, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, JIPMER, DII/2, JIPMER Campus, Dhanvantari Nagar, Puducherry, 605006 India.
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India
|November 2, 2023
Summary
Cesarean section delivery is associated with a higher prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) compared to normal delivery. Domestic abuse significantly increases PPD risk.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Perinatal Mental Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Established risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD) exist, but the association with delivery mode is debated.
- This study investigated the prevalence of PPD in relation to delivery method (normal vs. cesarean section).
- Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with PPD were also assessed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of PPD in women who delivered normally versus via cesarean section.
- To examine the association between delivery mode and PPD.
- To identify sociodemographic and clinical factors linked to PPD.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study involving 242 women (121 normal delivery, 121 cesarean section) without high PPD risk factors.
- Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) used for screening at one week and six weeks postpartum.
- Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to assess associations.
Main Results:
- Overall PPD prevalence was 27.27%.
- PPD prevalence was significantly higher in the cesarean section group (34.71%) than the normal delivery group (19.83%).
- Women with cesarean sections had 2.1 times higher odds of PPD within one week and 2.5 times higher risk at six weeks. History of domestic abuse was strongly associated with PPD.
Conclusions:
- Postpartum depression is twice as common in women who undergo cesarean section compared to normal delivery.
- Domestic abuse or violence is a highly significant risk factor for postpartum depression.
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