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Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Preadolescents
Taylor A Burke1,2, Alexandra H Bettis3, Rachel F L Walsh4
1Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Pediatrics
|November 2, 2023
Summary
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in preadolescents is linked to depression and other mental health conditions. Sexual minority status and lower income increase NSSI risk, highlighting the need for targeted screening.
Area of Science:
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- Developmental Psychology
- Mental Health Research
Background:
- Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a significant predictor of adverse mental health outcomes.
- Early onset NSSI may indicate a more severe trajectory of self-harm.
- Limited research exists on NSSI prevalence and predictors in preadolescents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sociodemographic factors, psychiatric disorders, and suicidal ideation (SI) in relation to NSSI history and onset in preadolescents.
- To identify predictors of NSSI in a young population.
- To inform early screening and intervention strategies.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study (N=11,875).
- Assessed lifetime history and recent onset of NSSI as primary outcomes.
- Employed the K-SADS diagnostic interview for psychopathology and SI, alongside sociodemographic measures.
Main Results:
- Female sex and identifying as Black were associated with lower odds of lifetime NSSI.
- Sexual minority status, unmarried parents, and low family income predicted higher odds of lifetime NSSI.
- Depression was the strongest predictor, alongside other internalizing/externalizing disorders, comorbidity, and SI.
Conclusions:
- NSSI in preadolescents is associated with various mental health disorders and comorbidity, suggesting a transdiagnostic nature.
- Sexual minority status and depression are key factors for screening in preadolescents.
- Findings underscore the importance of early identification and intervention for NSSI.
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