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Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
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Memory of Fictional Information: A Theoretical Framework.

Pierre Gander1, Kata Szita2,3, Andreas Falck4

  • 1Department of Applied Information Technology, University of Gothenburg.

Perspectives on Psychological Science : a Journal of the Association for Psychological Science
|November 2, 2023
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Summary

This study introduces a new memory framework for understanding fictional information. It explains how the human brain distinguishes between real and imagined events, aiding memory recall.

Keywords:
fictionfiction-reality distinctionfictional informationfictionalitymechanismsmemory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Studies

Background:

  • Much everyday information is fictional, yet research lacks a theoretical account of fictional memory.
  • Existing memory models do not adequately explain the separation of fact and fiction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a theoretical framework for memory of fiction.
  • To integrate fictional memory into existing cognitive models.
  • To identify mechanisms for separating and influencing real-world beliefs by fiction.

Main Methods:

  • Extending Rubin's dimensional conceptual memory model.
  • Proposing mechanisms for distinguishing fact from fiction.
  • Analyzing explicit and implicit memory for fictional content.

Main Results:

  • The proposed model accounts for explicit and implicit memory of fictional events, places, characters, and objects.
  • Mechanisms like content-based reasoning and source monitoring aid in separating fact and fiction.
  • Information from fiction can influence real-world attitudes and beliefs.

Conclusions:

  • Memory of fiction is a distinct cognitive construct essential for general memory theories.
  • The extended model explains how humans process and differentiate fictional information.
  • Proposed mechanisms highlight the interplay between fictional memory and real-world cognition.