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Long COVID in the United States
David G Blanchflower1,2,3, Alex Bryson4,5
1Department of Economics, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America.
Plos One
|November 2, 2023
Summary
Long COVID affects 14% of Americans, with varied incidence across the US. It is linked to significant negative affect, physical mobility issues, and cognitive difficulties, especially in severe cases.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Health Outcomes
Background:
- Long COVID, despite not being a clearly defined clinical condition, raises significant concerns regarding health and well-being.
- Understanding the prevalence and impact of long COVID is crucial for public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and demographic variations of long COVID in the United States.
- To examine the association between long COVID and mental health, physical mobility, and cognitive function.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the US Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey (HPS) from June to December 2022.
- Analyzed data from nearly half a million American adults regarding long COVID experiences and associated health issues.
Main Results:
- 14% of respondents reported experiencing long COVID, with geographical, gender, racial, educational, and income-related variations.
- Long COVID is strongly associated with negative affect (anxiety, depression), physical mobility problems, and cognitive difficulties.
- Individuals reporting short COVID experienced higher well-being and fewer physical/mental problems compared to those who never had COVID.
Conclusions:
- Long COVID presents a significant public health challenge with diverse impacts on physical and mental health.
- Geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic factors influence long COVID prevalence.
- Vaccination appears associated with reduced negative affect, even among those with long COVID.
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