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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

14
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

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The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
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Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

17
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
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Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

812
Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
812
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

15
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Workflow for Integrating POCUS Data into EHR for Managing Heart Failure Patients
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Portuguese Heart Failure Prevalence Observational Study (PORTHOS) rationale and design - A population-based study.

Rui Baptista1, José Silva Cardoso2, Helena Canhão3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar de Entre o Douro e Vouga, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.

Revista Portuguesa De Cardiologia : Orgao Oficial Da Sociedade Portuguesa De Cardiologia = Portuguese Journal of Cardiology : an Official Journal of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology
|November 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study determines heart failure (HF) prevalence in Portugal using current standards. The Portuguese Heart Failure Prevalence Observational Study (PORTHOS) provides updated epidemiological data for better patient understanding.

Keywords:
EpidemiologiaEpidemiologyHeart failureInsuficiência cardíacaPORTHOSPortugalPrevalencePrevalênciaQualidade de vidaQuality of life

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Current heart failure (HF) epidemiological data in Portugal is over 20 years old.
  • There is a need for updated prevalence data using current diagnostic standards.
  • The Portuguese Heart Failure Prevalence Observational Study (PORTHOS) addresses this gap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the current prevalence of heart failure (HF) in the Portuguese population.
  • To describe the methodology and research protocol for the PORTHOS study.
  • To characterize the clinical profile and quality of life of Portuguese HF patients.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide, cross-sectional, population-based study (PORTHOS) involving individuals aged 50+.
  • Stratified multistage random sampling for participant selection.
  • Screening includes symptom assessment, NT-proBNP, ECG, and questionnaires, with confirmatory diagnostic assessments (echocardiography) for suspected HF cases.

Main Results:

  • The PORTHOS study is designed to provide current heart failure prevalence data for Portugal.
  • It will enable a comprehensive characterization of HF patients, including their clinical profile and quality of life.
  • Results will be based on current European Society of Cardiology guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • The PORTHOS study will establish the current prevalence of heart failure in mainland Portugal.
  • It will provide a detailed understanding of the Portuguese HF patient population.
  • This research will inform future public health strategies and clinical management of HF.