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Individual and environmental parameters in children with and without developmental coordination disorder:
Nadia Cristina Valentini1, Priscila Silva de Souza2, Mariele Santayana de Souza2
1School of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Insights
Physical activity (PA) and BMI in children are linked to various factors like socioeconomic status (SES), motor skills, and screen time. These associations differ for children with typical development (TD) and those with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD).
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Motor Development
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Physical Activity (PA) is crucial for child development, but factors influencing it, especially in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), are not fully understood.
- Socioeconomic status (SES), motor skill proficiency, and behavioral factors like screen time may impact PA and Body Mass Index (BMI) in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the associations between SES, school environment, active play, screen time, motor skills, and PA and BMI in children with typical development (TD), at risk of DCD (r-DCD), and with DCD.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 352 children (4-10 years) from urban public schools in Brazil.
- Assessment of motor skills, perceived motor competence, weight status, PA (using pedometers), engagement in physical education, screen time, and active play.
Main Results:
- For TD children, PA was associated with age, sex, SES, school space, motor skills, and engagement. BMI was linked to age, screen time, motor skills, and engagement.
- For r-DCD children, PA was associated with age, sex, SES, school space, and motor skills. BMI was linked to age, active play, and screen time.
- For DCD children, PA was associated with sex, SES, school space, screen time, and engagement. BMI was linked to age, sex, active play, and screen time.
Conclusions:
- The factors associated with PA and BMI vary significantly across children with different levels of motor development.
- Understanding these diverse associations is key for targeted interventions to promote healthy lifestyles in all children.
Introduction:
Physical Activity (PA) is a complex behavior, and the relevance of other factors such as BMI, SES and children's behavior at school and home still lacks investigation for children, especially those at risk or with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). The objective of this study was to examine whether socioeconomic status (SES), school's spaces for children's movement, active play, screen time, motor skill proficiency, perceived motor competence, and engagement in the physical education lessons were associated with PA and BMI in children with typical development (TD), at risk of DCD (r-DCD), and with DCD.
Methods:
Children (N = 352; 4-10-year-old) from six public schools in a major urban city, in southern of Brazil, were assessed regarding motor skill proficiency (locomotor and ball skills), perceived motor competence, and weight status. PA and engagement in the lesson were assessed using pedometers and a behavior checklist of motor experience of success. Parents recorded the daily time that children spent on screen and in active play.
Results:
The hierarchical multivariate linear regressions showed that age, sex, SES, Schools with more favorable space for children's movement, locomotor and ball skills, and successful engagement, were associated with PA for children with TD. Age, screen time, locomotor, and successful engagement were associated with BMI. For children at r-DCD, age, sex, SES, with more favorable space for children's movement, and locomotor were associated with PA. Age, active play and screen time were associated with BMI. For children with DCD, sex, SES, Schools with more favorable space for children's movement, screen time, and successful engagement were associated with PA. Age, sex, active play, and screen time were associated with BMI.
Conclusion:
Different factors were associated with PA and BMI for children with different levels of motor impairment (r-DCD and DCD) and children with TD.
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