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Published on: September 30, 2016
Personalised neoantigen-based therapy in colorectal cancer
Ya-Juan Zhu1, Xiong Li2, Ting-Ting Chen3
1Department of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Abstract:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become one of the most common tumours with high morbidity, mortality and distinctive evolution mechanism. The neoantigens arising from the somatic mutations have become considerable treatment targets in the management of CRC. As cancer-specific aberrant peptides, neoantigens can trigger the robust host immune response and exert anti-tumour effects while minimising the emergence of adverse events commonly associated with alternative therapeutic regimens. In this review, we summarised the mechanism, generation, identification and prognostic significance of neoantigens, as well as therapeutic strategies challenges of neoantigen-based therapy in CRC. The evidence suggests that the establishment of personalised neoantigen-based therapy holds great promise as an effective treatment approach for patients with CRC.
Insights
Neoantigens from tumor mutations offer targeted colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy. Personalized neoantigen treatments show promise for improved patient outcomes and reduced side effects.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Cancer Genomics
Background:
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally.
- Somatic mutations in CRC generate neoantigens, which are peptides specific to cancer cells.
- Neoantigens can stimulate a potent immune response against tumors, offering a potential therapeutic avenue.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms, generation, and identification of neoantigens in CRC.
- To discuss the prognostic significance of neoantigens in colorectal cancer.
- To explore the challenges and therapeutic strategies for neoantigen-based therapies in CRC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on neoantigens in colorectal cancer.
- Analysis of mechanisms of neoantigen generation and immune recognition.
- Evaluation of current and emerging neoantigen-based therapeutic strategies.
Main Results:
- Neoantigens arise from somatic mutations and are crucial targets for cancer immunotherapy.
- Identification and characterization of neoantigens are key to developing personalized cancer vaccines.
- Neoantigen-based therapies have shown potential for effective anti-tumor effects with manageable toxicity.
Conclusions:
- Personalized neoantigen-based therapy represents a promising and effective treatment strategy for colorectal cancer.
- Further research into neoantigen identification and therapeutic delivery is essential for clinical translation.
- Targeting neoantigens offers a pathway to enhance immune responses and improve outcomes for CRC patients.
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