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Immunoradiotherapy for NSCLC: mechanisms, clinical outcomes, and future directions

He Weishan1, Zheng Donglin2, Deng Guangmei1

  • 1Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China.

Clinical & Translational Oncology : Official Publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico
|November 3, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Immunoradiotherapy (iRT) combines radiation therapy with immunotherapy, offering a promising treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This approach enhances survival rates and tumor control with manageable toxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Radiotherapy

Background:

  • Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents a significant challenge with a low 5-year survival rate.
  • Immunoradiotherapy (iRT) has emerged as a critical treatment modality for NSCLC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical research progress in iRT for NSCLC from 2018-2023.
  • To explore the synergistic mechanisms, clinical effectiveness, safety, challenges, and future directions of iRT in NSCLC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical research on iRT for NSCLC (2018-2023).
  • Discussion of synergistic mechanisms: immune regulation, RT-activated pathways, and immune sensitization.
  • Analysis of iRT combinations: external-beam or stereotactic-body RT with immune checkpoint inhibitors or traditional Chinese medicine.

Main Results:

  • iRT demonstrates increased overall survival, progression-free survival, and tumor control rates in NSCLC patients.
  • The toxicity risk associated with iRT did not increase considerably.
  • Synergistic mechanisms involve immune regulation, RT-activated immune pathways, and immune sensitization.

Conclusions:

  • iRT represents a significant advancement in NSCLC treatment, improving patient outcomes.
  • Further research and exploration of challenges are crucial for optimizing iRT strategies.
  • iRT holds promise for enhancing the efficacy of NSCLC therapy.
Keywords:
Immune checkpoint inhibitorImmunoradiotherapyImmunotherapyNon-small-cell lung cancerRadiotherapy

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