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Isolation, functional evaluation, and fermentation process optimization of probiotic Bacillus coagulans.

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Summary

A novel Bacillus coagulans strain, X26, shows superior probiotic properties and significantly improves animal body weight. Optimized fermentation achieved high yields, demonstrating its industrial potential for cost-effective production.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Industrial Biotechnology
  • Animal Nutrition

Background:

  • Bacillus coagulans is a widely utilized probiotic across various industries.
  • There is a continuous need for novel probiotic strains with enhanced efficacy and improved industrial fermentation processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize a novel Bacillus coagulans strain (X26) from soil.
  • To optimize the fermentation conditions for maximizing the yield and spore rate of B. coagulans X26.
  • To evaluate the potential of B. coagulans X26 as an animal supplement.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of B. coagulans X26 from soil samples.
  • Comparative analysis of X26's enzyme, acid, and biomass yields against other probiotics and antibiotics.
  • Response surface methodology was employed to optimize fermentation parameters (maltose, yeast extract, K2HPO4).
  • Fermentation scale-up studies were conducted in flask and industrial fermenters (30-L and 10-T).

Main Results:

  • The novel B. coagulans X26 strain demonstrated superior enzyme, acid, and biomass yields.
  • X26 significantly improved the body weight of rats in animal trials.
  • Optimized fermentation conditions (16.5 g/L maltose, 25.00 g/L yeast extract, 3.5 g/L K2HPO4) predicted and achieved yields of 5.1 × 10^9 CFU/mL.
  • Further optimization in industrial fermenters yielded up to 8.7 × 10^9 CFU/mL with high spore rates (>96%) at optimal temperatures (45-55°C).

Conclusions:

  • Bacillus coagulans X26 is a promising probiotic agent with significant industrial potential.
  • The optimized fermentation process allows for cost-effective, high-yield production of B. coagulans X26.
  • X26's demonstrated efficacy as an animal supplement warrants further development.