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Related Experiment Videos

Carcinogenicity study with sodium dichromate in rats.

D Steinhoff, S C Gad, G K Hatfield

    Experimental Pathology
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Sodium dichromate exposure in rats over 30 months caused non-neoplastic pulmonary lesions and lung tumors. Higher concentrations, not weekly dose, determined effects.

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    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Carcinogenesis
    • Respiratory Pathology

    Background:

    • Hexavalent chromium compounds are known respiratory toxicants.
    • Long-term effects of intratracheal sodium dichromate exposure require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the chronic pulmonary toxicity and carcinogenicity of sodium dichromate in Sprague Dawley rats.
    • To determine the relationship between dose, concentration, and observed pathological effects.

    Main Methods:

    • Sprague Dawley rats received intratracheal instillations of sodium dichromate (0.01-1.25 mg/kg) or calcium chromate for 30 months.
    • Groups were administered doses five times weekly or once weekly.
    • Negative controls received saline; positive controls included benzo(a)pyrene and dimethylcarbamyl chloride.

    Main Results:

    • Non-neoplastic pulmonary lesions, including fibrosis and inflammation, were observed, predominantly at the highest dose.
    • Lung tumors (12 benign, 8 malignant) developed in rats receiving 1.25 mg/kg sodium dichromate.
    • Tumor incidence was linked to chromate concentration, not total weekly dose.

    Conclusions:

    • Intratracheal instillation of sodium dichromate induces pulmonary toxicity and carcinogenicity in rats.
    • Chromate concentration is a key factor in the development of these effects.
    • Findings highlight the respiratory risks associated with hexavalent chromium exposure.

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