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Related Concept Videos

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

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IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
911
Drug Excretion: Miscellaneous Routes01:10

Drug Excretion: Miscellaneous Routes

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Drug excretion involves various organs, including the liver, intestines, skin, and eyes. In the case of drugs or toxins, they can be actively secreted into bile by transporters in the hepatocyte's canalicular membrane. These substances enter the GI tract during digestion and may be reabsorbed into the body from the intestine. This process, known as enterohepatic recycling, can significantly prolong the presence and effects of a substance in the body. To interrupt this cycle, specific...
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors

589
The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte...
589
Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I01:21

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I

444
There are different types of detectors used in gas chromatography, each with its own specific properties that make it suitable for detecting certain types of analytes. The most commonly used detectors in GC are thermal conductivity detector (TCD), flame ionization detector (FID), and electron capture detector (ECD).
TCD is the earliest and most widely used detector that operates by measuring the changes in the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas. When a sample compound enters the detector,...
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Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II01:19

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

392
In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
392
Drug Excretion: Pulmonary and Glandular Routes01:22

Drug Excretion: Pulmonary and Glandular Routes

121
Gaseous substances like general anesthetics are absorbed and excreted through the lungs via simple diffusion. This process depends on factors such as pulmonary blood flow, respiration rate, and the substance's solubility. Gaseous anesthetics like nitrous oxide with low blood solubility are excreted rapidly, while compounds like alcohol, with high blood and tissue solubility, are excreted slowly.
Drugs can also be excreted in breast milk, which is crucial for breastfeeding infants. The...
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Drugs detection in fingerprints.

Piotr Adamowicz1, Joanna Bigosińska2, Dominika Gil1

  • 1Institute of Forensic Research, Westerplatte 9, 31-033 Krakow, Poland.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
|November 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Forensic toxicology can analyze drugs in fingerprints, even after single doses. Fingerprints offer a valuable alternative material for detecting drug use and analytes.

Keywords:
DrugsFingermarksFingerprintsForensicLC-MS/MSToxicology

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic toxicology
  • Analytical chemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Fingerprints are crucial for crime scene investigations.
  • Their potential as an alternative matrix in forensic toxicology is being explored.
  • Drug detection in fingerprints can link individuals to substance consumption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of fingerprints for drug analysis.
  • To detect specific analytes within fingerprint samples.
  • To establish the feasibility of using fingerprints in forensic toxicology.

Main Methods:

  • Fingerprint samples were collected from volunteers after single drug doses and during long-term treatment.
  • Drugs analyzed included pseudoephedrine, codeine, dextromethorphan, lidocaine, sertraline, hydroxyzine, and trazodone.
  • Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for drug detection.

Main Results:

  • Drugs were detected in fingerprints up to 36 hours after single doses (e.g., pseudoephedrine).
  • Long-term treatment drugs like hydroxyzine and sertraline were detectable up to 20 days post-administration.
  • Parent drug compounds were found to predominate over metabolites in fingerprint samples.

Conclusions:

  • Fingerprints serve as a viable alternative matrix in forensic toxicology.
  • Drug detection in fingerprints is possible even after single-dose administration.
  • The detection window for drugs in fingerprints varies based on the drug and treatment duration.