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Pollen viability, longevity, and function in angiosperms: key drivers and prospects for improvement.

Rasha Althiab-Almasaud1,2, Eve Teyssier1, Christian Chervin1

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Summary

Pollen viability and longevity are crucial for plant reproduction and food security. Understanding environmental impacts and molecular mechanisms is key to improving pollen performance for future challenges like climate change.

Keywords:
Abiotic stressesCalciumChemical contentLongevityPollenROSSignalingStigmaStorageViability

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Area of Science:

  • Plant reproductive biology
  • Environmental science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Pollen viability and longevity are critical for plant physiology, ecology, plant breeding, and industry.
  • Factors influencing pollen performance (storage, germination, fertilization) are complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review progress in assessing pollen viability and longevity.
  • Highlight advances in understanding intrinsic and environmental factors affecting pollen performance.
  • Identify future research needs for pollen viability and longevity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current methods for measuring pollen viability.
  • Analysis of recent research on factors influencing pollen performance.
  • Synthesis of knowledge on pollen-stigma interactions and molecular mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Pollen viability and longevity are highly sensitive to environmental conditions.
  • Complex interactions between maternal/paternal tissues and internal pollen events influence performance.
  • Climate change poses a direct threat to pollen viability and longevity.

Conclusions:

  • Further basic research is needed to understand molecular mechanisms modulating pollen viability.
  • Applied research should focus on developing methods to maintain or improve pollen viability and longevity.
  • Enhanced understanding is critical for food security and climate change adaptation.