[Research Status and Trend of Devices for Treating Advanced Heart Failure]

Heart failure (HF),a chronic progressive disease,is a global health problem and the leading cause of deaths in the global population.The pathophysiological abnormalities of HF mainly include abnormal cardiac structure (myocardium and valves),disturbance of electrophysiological activities,and weakened myocardial contractility.In addition to drug therapy and heart transplantation,interventional therapies can be employed for advanced-stage HF,including transcatheter interventions and mechanical circulatory assist devices.This article introduces the devices used for advanced HF that have been marketed or certified as innovative or breakthrough devices around the world and summarizes the research status and prospects the trend in this field.As diversified combinations of HF devices are used for the treatment of advanced HF,considerations regarding individualized HF therapy,risk-benefit evaluation on device design,medical insurance payment,post-market supervision system,and protection of intellectual property rights of high-end technology are needed,which will boost the development of the technology and industry and benefit the patients.