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Latin-American Registry of Cardiovascular Disease and COVID-19: Final Results
Juan Esteban Gomez-Mesa1, Stephania Galindo1, Manuela Escalante-Forero1
1Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, CO.
Insights
COVID-19 severely impacts Latin America and Caribbean (LA&C) populations, with over half requiring intensive care. High in-hospital mortality and 30-day rehospitalization rates underscore the critical need for better management strategies in the region.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Socioeconomic factors exacerbate COVID-19 severity in Latin American and Caribbean (LA&C) countries.
- Severe and critical COVID-19 cases frequently lead to respiratory and cardiovascular complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the LA&C population diagnosed with COVID-19.
- To document in-hospital cardiovascular complications and mortality rates in this population.
Main Methods:
- The CARDIO COVID-19-20 Registry is a prospective, multicenter, observational study.
- Data were collected from 3260 hospitalized COVID-19 patients across 44 institutions in 14 LA&C countries between May 2020 and June 2021.
Main Results:
- The study included 3260 patients (63.2% male, median age 61). Common comorbidities included overweight/obesity (49.7%), hypertension (49.0%), and diabetes (26.7%).
- Cardiovascular complications included arrhythmia (9.1%), heart failure (8.5%), and pulmonary embolism (3.9%). Over half (53.5%) required Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, with high rates of mechanical ventilation (34.2%) and vasoactive support (27.6%).
- In-hospital mortality was 25.5%, and 30-day post-discharge mortality was 2.6%. Rehospitalization within 30 days occurred in 7.3% of patients.
Conclusions:
- A significant majority of LA&C COVID-19 patients required intensive care, including invasive mechanical ventilation and vasoactive support.
- The study highlights a high in-hospital mortality rate and substantial 30-day post-discharge mortality and rehospitalization in this population.
- Findings underscore the severe impact of COVID-19 in LA&C and the need for region-specific interventions and improved healthcare management.
Background:
Socioeconomic factors contribute to a more severe impact of COVID-19 in Latin American and Caribbean (LA&C) countries than in developed countries. Patients with a severe or critical illness can develop respiratory and cardiovascular complications.
Objective:
To describe a LA&C population with COVID-19 to provide information related to this disease, in-hospital cardiovascular complications, and in-hospital mortality.
Methods:
The CARDIO COVID-19-20 Registry is an observational, multicenter, prospective, and hospital-based registry of patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection that required in-hospital treatment in LA&C. Enrollment of patients started on May 01, 2020, and ended on June 30, 2021.
Results:
The CARDIO COVID-19-20 Registry included 3260 patients from 44 institutions of 14 LA&C countries. 63.2% patients were male and median age was 61.0 years old. Most common comorbidities were overweight/obesity (49.7%), hypertension (49.0%), and diabetes mellitus (26.7%). Most frequent cardiovascular complications during hospitalization or reported at discharge were cardiac arrhythmia (9.1%), decompensated heart failure (8.5%), and pulmonary embolism (3.9%). The number of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) was 1745 (53.5%), and median length of their stay at the ICU was 10.0 days. Support required in ICU included invasive mechanical ventilation (34.2%), vasopressors (27.6%), inotropics (10.3%), and vasodilators (3.7%). Rehospitalization after 30-day post discharge was 7.3%. In-hospital mortality and 30-day post discharge were 25.5% and 2.6%, respectively.
Conclusions:
According to our findings, more than half of the LA&C population with COVID-19 assessed required management in ICU, with higher requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation and vasoactive support, resulting in a high in-hospital mortality and a considerable high 30-day post discharge rehospitalization and mortality.
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