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ZnO@C Coated Cellulose-Based Separators Control Lithium Deposition Direction to Stable Lithium Metal Batteries.

Mei Chen1,2, Yiqi Fan1, Hongfang Zhou2

  • 1School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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A novel ZnO@C/cellulose membrane separator effectively controls lithium dendrite growth in lithium metal batteries. This breakthrough enhances battery stability and lifespan, paving the way for safer, high-performance energy storage.

Keywords:
ZnO@Cgrowth directioninterface compatibilitylithium metal batteriesseparator

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium metal anodes offer high energy density but suffer from uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth, posing safety risks.
  • Existing methods to mitigate dendrite formation have limitations in fully addressing safety concerns during plating/stripping cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a functional separator for stable lithium metal batteries with controlled lithium dendrite growth.
  • To enhance the safety and cycling performance of lithium metal batteries through directional growth control.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a ZnO@C/cellulose membrane as a functional separator.
  • In situ transformation of ZnO to a Li-Zn alloy layer on the separator.
  • Evaluation of ion transport, interface compatibility, and electrochemical performance in symmetric and full cells.

Main Results:

  • The ZnO@C/cellulose membrane facilitates uniform ion and charge distribution, directing lithium growth.
  • Symmetric cells demonstrated exceptional stability with over 4500 hours of cycling life and low polarization.
  • Full cells (Li||LiFePO4) achieved 98% capacity retention after 270 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed ZnO@C/cellulose membrane effectively suppresses lithium dendrites, significantly improving battery safety and longevity.
  • This approach offers a promising strategy for developing high-performance and reliable lithium metal batteries.