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Separator Engineering Based on Cl-Terminated MXene Ink: Enhancing Li+ Diffusion Kinetics with a Highly Stable

Baolin Zhang1, Wenwu Zou1, Zhijin Ju2

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.

ACS Nano
|November 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Engineered separators with titanium carbonitride MXene ink prevent lithium dendrites in lithium metal batteries (LMBs). This novel approach enhances ion diffusion and battery lifespan for high-energy applications.

Keywords:
Cl-terminated MXeneCryo-TEMDouble-halide SEILi metal batteriesSeparator

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • Conventional separators in lithium metal batteries (LMBs) fail to regulate Li+ diffusion, causing dendrite formation and limiting battery performance.
  • Developing advanced separators is crucial for enabling high-energy-density LMBs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a modified polypropylene (PP) separator coated with Cl-terminated titanium carbonitride MXene (PP@Ti3CNCl2) for improved Li+ transport and dendrite suppression.
  • To investigate the formation and characteristics of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the modified separator.

Main Methods:

  • Spray coating of MXene ink onto a polypropylene separator.
  • Electrochemical testing of Li metal half-cells and full cells.
  • X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profiling.
  • Cryo-transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM).

Main Results:

  • The PP@Ti3CNCl2 separator exhibited enhanced electrolyte wettability and reduced Li+ diffusion barriers due to the lithiophilic MXene.
  • A gradient SEI hierarchy with evenly distributed LiF and LiCl was spontaneously formed.
  • High Coulombic efficiency (99.15%) and prolonged lifespan (over 5500 h in half cells, 3100 cycles in full cells) were achieved.

Conclusions:

  • The modified separator effectively suppresses lithium dendrite growth and promotes Li+ permeability.
  • This strategy offers a viable route for developing stable and high-performance lithium metal anodes for next-generation batteries.