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Performance-Determining Variables of a Simulated Sprint Cross-Country Skiing Competition.

Rune Kjøsen Talsnes1, Jan-Magnus Brattebø1, Tore Berdal1

  • 1Center for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
|November 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Peak oxygen uptake and high-speed abilities are key for sprint cross-country skiing. The importance of peak oxygen uptake increases as the competition progresses from time trials to finals.

Keywords:
1-repetition maximal strengthXC skiingmaximal speedpeak oxygen uptakesubmaximal testing

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cross-Country Skiing Performance Analysis

Background:

  • Sprint cross-country skiing requires a combination of aerobic capacity and high-speed abilities.
  • Understanding the evolving role of physiological determinants throughout a competition is crucial for training and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key performance-determining variables in sprint cross-country skiing.
  • To examine how the relationship between these variables and performance changes from the initial time trial to the final rounds.

Main Methods:

  • Sixteen junior male skiers completed a simulated sprint competition (1.3 km skating style) including a time trial and three finals.
  • Physiological assessments included maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak), submaximal and incremental roller-ski treadmill tests, maximal speed tests, and strength/power tests.

Main Results:

  • Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and peak treadmill speed were significantly correlated with sprint performance throughout the competition.
  • Submaximal measures like heart rate and blood lactate became stronger predictors of performance in later rounds (semifinals and final) compared to the time trial.
  • Maximal speed on flat and uphill terrain correlated with performance, while strength/power tests did not show significant correlations.

Conclusions:

  • VO2peak and high-speed capabilities are the primary determinants of sprint cross-country skiing performance.
  • The contribution of VO2peak to performance becomes increasingly significant as the competition progresses towards the final stages.