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Brucella arthritis in children.

M Lubani, D Sharda, I Helin

    Infection
    |September 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Acute brucellosis in children commonly presents as arthritis, particularly affecting the knee and hip. Prompt antibiotic treatment ensures recovery, though reinfections can occur.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Rheumatology

    Background:

    • Brucellosis is an endemic zoonotic infection.
    • Acute arthritis is a frequent manifestation in pediatric brucellosis.
    • Distinguishing brucellar arthritis from other septic arthritis forms is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the clinical presentation and outcomes of acute brucellosis in children.
    • To highlight acute arthritis as a predominant symptom.
    • To evaluate treatment efficacy and identify potential complications.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 50 children diagnosed with acute brucellosis.
    • Clinical evaluation, serological testing (Brucella agglutination titer ≥ 1:320), and blood cultures.
    • Assessment of treatment regimens including tetracyclines, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, and streptomycin.

    Main Results:

    • Acute arthritis was a common and often predominant symptom in pediatric brucellosis.
    • Knee and hip joints were most frequently affected.
    • Antibiotic therapy led to prompt recovery in all patients; no mortality was observed.
    • Brucella melitensis was identified in 35 patients via blood culture.
    • Seven patients experienced reinfections; two developed osteomyelitis but recovered without sequelae.

    Conclusions:

    • Acute arthritis is a significant clinical manifestation of brucellosis in endemic pediatric populations.
    • Standard antibiotic treatments are effective, leading to good prognoses.
    • Monitoring for reinfections and complications like osteomyelitis is recommended.

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