Association between CD10 expression and phyllodes tumor: A retrospective case control study

The present study aimed to explore the association between immunohistochemical markers and phyllodes tumor (PT). The retrospective case control study included biopsies from patients with PT who underwent surgical treatment, and patients with fibronenoma (FA), diagnosed in our hospital from October 2014 to May 2021. Differences in microscopic histopathological characteristics and expressions of common immunohistochemical markers (CD10, cluster of differentiation 117 marker, cluster of differentiation 34 marker, tumor protein P53, cell proliferation antigen) for different grades of PT and FA were analyzed. A total of 69 patients were enrolled, of them 34 with PT (12 with benign PT, 13 with borderline PT, and 9 with malignant PT) and 35 with FA. With the increase of tumor malignancy, significant enlargement trend was noted; for FA, most tumor boundaries were well-defined, the stromal distribution was homogeneous, the stromal cellularity was small. In contrast for PT, as the degree of malignancy increased, tumor boundary gradually became ill-defined and the stromal distribution was heterogeneous; stromal cellularity and stromal overgrowth had increased significantly (All P < .05). Multivariate analysis showed that among other markers only CD10 expression (OR = 0.67, 95%CI: -0.88, 2.22, P < .05) was independently associated with PT. The study showed that in addition to histological features, CD10 expression was independently associated with PT and has a potential to be used as a differentiation marker.