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The relationship between Alzheimer disease and thyroiditis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Haiyang Yu1,2,3, Xuejie Song1,2,3

  • 1Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

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Summary

This study found a causal link between Alzheimer disease and an increased risk of thyroiditis. Mendelian randomization analysis confirmed this association, suggesting Alzheimer disease may trigger thyroiditis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Observational studies suggest a link between Alzheimer disease (AD) and thyroiditis.
  • The causal relationship and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal effect of Alzheimer disease on the risk of developing thyroiditis.
  • To leverage Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore genetic associations between AD and thyroiditis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design.
  • Employed genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for AD and thyroiditis.
  • Applied five statistical methods: IVW, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, and MR-Egger regression.

Main Results:

  • Identified 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with Alzheimer disease.
  • Consistent evidence across multiple MR methods indicated a positive causal association between Alzheimer disease and thyroiditis risk (e.g., IVW OR=1.32, 95% CI 1.01-1.72).
  • No significant evidence of pleiotropy was detected (MR-Egger intercept P=0.88).

Conclusions:

  • Mendelian randomization analysis provides evidence for a causal effect of Alzheimer disease on thyroiditis risk.
  • This finding supports a potential biological link between neurodegeneration and autoimmune thyroid conditions.